Forty-One Mushrooms Tentatively Identified at 9/23/13 OMS Meeting

-- Scroll Down for Pictures and Discussion --
1) Tricholoma magnivelare
2) Chicken of the woods
3) Hygrocybe
4) Suillus
5) Russula
6) Agaricus bisporus - from Fred Meyer
7) Agaricus xanthodermua
8) Phaeolus schweinitzii
9) Gomphus Kauffmanii
10) Craterellus cornucopioides (Black Trumpet)
11) Tapinella atrotomentosa
12) Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca (false chanterelle)
13) Russula Xerampelina (Shrimp Mushrooms)
14) Russula laurocerasi - smell Marachino cherries
15) Leccinum
16) Leccinum scabrum
17) Lactarius deterrimus
18) Gomphus clavatus - Pig's ears
19) Gyrodon --- rare
20) Russula brevipes
21) Polyporus melanopus
22) Scleroderma (cepa)
23) Cortinarius vanduzerensis
24) Russula occidentalis
25) Craterellus tubaeformis (winter chanterelle)
26) Laccaria amethystina - occidentalis
27) Polyporus Hirtus - iodine Polypore
28- Oligoropus
29) Lactarius deliciosus group - probably lactarius rubrilacteus
30 Hygrocybe miniata
31 Lepiota naucina now Leucoagaricus (white agaricus)
32) Ramaria
33) Hydnum repandum or Hydnumn umbillicatum
34) Russula Brevipes
35) Laccaria Laccata
36) Suillus granulatus
37) Tapinella atrotomentosa
38) Strobilurus
39) Russul Albonigra
40) Hebeloma Sacchariolens
41) Conocybe apala

Do not eat mushrooms based on these tentative identifications
check with multiple sources before eating any mushroom

--- Scroll Down for Pictures and discussion --

Click Here to See Mushrooms
From Previous OMS meetings

1) Matsutake

Scientific Name: Tricholoma magnivelare

Identifying features: The smell of the matsutake is very distinctive-- It can be described as spicy.

Matsutake grows primarily under conifers

It has prominent partial veil that covers the young gills and later forms a sheathlike covering on the lower stem.

The gills are crowded and attached to the stem.

The spore print is white.

2) Chicken-of-the woods

Scientific Name: Laetiporus sulphureus

Grows on tree stumps. This mushroom with its bright orange top and yellow underneath is hard to miss.

Click Here from more and better images and discussion

3) Hygrocybe

Informally called waxcaps or waxy caps.

Hygrocybe is a genus of agarics. Agarics are gilled fungi.

Identification: They are brightly colored and have waxy to slimy caps, white spores, and smooth, ringless stems.

There are about 150 species of Hygrocybes.

4) Suillus

Suillus is a genus of fungi in the order Boletales.

Identification: Grow under conifers.
Cap is often slimy and sticky when moist.
Granular dots on the stem.
The underside of the cap has large pore openings that are radially arranged. It stains dark.
A partial veil leaves a ring or tissue hanging from the cap margin.

The spores are usually cinnamon brown or chocolate brown.

5) Russula

see below
13 Russula Xerampelina - Shrimp Mushroom

6) Agaricus bisporus

These were purchased at Fred Meyers

They are the common and commercially grown mushrooms

7) Agaricus xanthodermua

Also called the yellow-stainer

The Agaricus xanthodermu displays a strong yellow coloration at the base of the stem when cut.

This mushroom is poisonous for most people.

Col1

8) Phaeolus schweinitzii

Commonly called velvet-top fungus, dyer's polypore, or dyer's mazegill.

Phaeolus schweinitzii causes butt rot on conifers.

As its common name suggests Phaeolus schweinitzii (the dyer's polypore) is an excellent natural source of green, yellow, gold, or brown dyes.

9) Gomphus Kauffmmanii
or Turbinellus kauffmanii

Some references indicate that Gomphus Kauffmmanii is vaguely reminiscent of chanterelles

The traditional distinction between Gomphus and the chanterelles is that the former have large, coarse scales on the cap surface--or have stems that are fused together, sharing two or more caps. Under the microscope, species of Gomphus have roughened spores, while the spores of Cantharellus and Craterellus species are smooth. (from MushroomExpert.com

10) Craterellus cornucopioides

Also called Black Trumpet, or
horn of plenty, black chanterelle or
trumpet of the dead

Raterellus cornucopioides is edible.

The name "trumpet of the dead" comes from the idea that the growing mushrooms are being played as trumpets by people under the ground.

11) Tapinella atrotomentosa or Paxillus atrotomentosus

This mushroom is also called Velvet-footed Pax.

Tapinella atrotomentosa is easily identified by velvety, dark brown to black at lower part of stem

This mushroom grows on stumps of conifers. It shares some characteristic of oyster mushrooms. That is, it has gills running down an off-center stem, and it grows in clusters. It is not edible. It is possibly poisonous although that is not clear.

12) Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca
(false chanterelle)

Click here for other pictures and a discussion of this mushroom

13) Russula Xerampelina
(Shrimp Mushroom)

Click Here for a Discussion of this mushroom

14) Russula laurocerasi

Identified due to smell like Marachino cherries.

Russula laurocerasi, like the similar Russula fragrantissima, is a dull yellow member of the foetid russula group. Its fragrant odor is reminiscent of almonds or maraschino cherries (though not quite as pleasant), and once you have smelled it you are not likely to forget it. While Russula laurocerasi is fairly easily separated from most other foetid russulas, it can only be separated from Russula fragrantissima with difficulty. In theory, the odor of Russula fragrantissima is more foul smelling by maturity; Russula fragrantissima tends to be a bit larger and stockier; and the ornamentation on the spores of Russula laurocerasi is much more striking, with spines and ridges (from Mushroomexpert.com

15) Leccinum

See below 16) Leccinum scabrum

16) Leccinum scabrum
Birch Bolete

This is said to be an edible mushroom.

Identification: Leccinum scabrum can be recognized by its dull tan-brown to medium-brown cap. The cap may be subviscid to viscid depending on conditions. It normally does not blue when cut, or if so, only faintly.

17) Lactarius deterrimus

Also known as false saffron milkcap.

This is an edible mushroom but it may be somewhat bitter

The common Lactarius deliciosus is similar in appearance. They differ in the color change due to injury. The cap of Lactarius deterrimus changes its color in old age or if injured to distinctly greenish and is common only under spruces, while Lactarius deterrimus is native under pines.(from wikipedia)

18)Gomphus clavatus - Pig's ears

This mushroom is edible and some people consider it choice.

Click Here for better pictures and a discussion of this mushroom

19) Gyrodon

This may be a rather rare species of Gyrodon

Gyrodon is a genus of pored mushroom that is related to the genus Paxillus.

The pores on the undersurface are somewhat different from other mushrooms.

The species of this specimen is under study by several experts in OMS

20) Russula brevipes

Russula brevipes is edible but not choice.

Russula brevipes becomes a Lobster mushroom when infected by a parasite.

Click here for some better pictures and a discussion

21) Polyporus melanopus

Polyporus melanopus is a leathery mushroom that grows on dead wood and has a brown velvety cap

22) Scleroderma cepa

Sometimes called "earthballs" as it is sometimes found underground

Scleroderma cepa is not a puffball.

Scleroderma cepa has a thick, tough peridium. This character along with a firm, dark-purple center that is never soft, or semi-liquid, separates it from "true puffballs," Scleroderma cepa is used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture.

23) Cortinarius vanduzerensis

Cortinarius vanduzerensis is special in that it only grows in the Pacific Northwest.

It grows under conifers such as spruce, hemlock, and Douglas-fir.

Click Here to see more pictures and a discussion of this mushroom

24) Russula occidentalis

This species of Russula can be confused with Russula aeruginea, or Russula xerampelina. Russula occidentalis is separated from these 2 species because Russula occidentalis turns red then black when bruised while the other 2 species do not. Russula aeruginea does not show any colour changes, while Russula xerampelina may show some yellow to yellow brown when bruised. (from bcmushrooms.forrex.org )

25) Craterellus tubaeformis
(formerly Cantharellus tubaeformis)

Craterellus tubaeformis is also known as Yellowfoot, winter mushroom, or Funnel Chanterelle.

It is edible

Craterellus tubaeformis is smaller than the golden chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius)

It has a dark brown cap with paler gills and a hollow yellow stem.

Craterellus tubaeformis tastes stronger but less fruity than the golden chanterelle. It has a very distinctive smokey, peppery taste when raw.

26) Laccaria amethystina

Commonly known as the Amethyst Deceiver.

Laccaria amethystina is edible

Its bright coloration fades with age and weathering,and it becomes difficult to identify, hence the common name ‘Deceiver’.

The "deceiver" name is also often applied to Laccaria laccata. Laccaria laccata also fades and weathers with age.

27) Polyporus Hirtus

Also called: iodine polypore

Jahnoporus hirtus is a tough, bitter tasting, ground-dwelling polypore recognized by a grey-brown, finely pubescent cap and eccentric stipe usually well-rooted in the substrate. Additionally, it has relatively small, white pores and non-amyloid, spindle-shaped spores. (from mykoweb.com)

28) Oligoporus (most likely)

It is not at crepidotus molis as first thought because it has pores, not gills.

29) Lactarius deliciosus group
Probably lactarius rubrilacteus

Common name: Bleedeing cap

This name is also frquently applied to the Lactarius deliciosus. However, see below as to the different fluids that they release when cut.

An identifying feature of this mushroom is that when it is cut, a dark red to purple latex liquid is released. Lactarius deliciosus releases an orange latex milky fluid.

Lactarius rubrilacteus has many laticifers which appear as a white network across the surface of the mushroom.

The flesh of this mushroom will lose colour when damaged, and is usually granular or brittle to the touch.

30) Hygrocybe miniata

Common name: waxy caps

The feature that distinguishes this mushroom from the other small, bright red species in this genus by its dry scurfy cap.

The cap is convex, gut it becomes flattered or depressed in the center with age. It is scarlet red initially and it fades to orange or orangish yellow. The surface is roughened to finely scales in the center and the margin is weakly striate or somewhat scalloped.

31) Leucoagaricus leucothites
also called Lepiota naucina or
white agaricus

This is a choice edible, but care must be made to distinguish this from other members of the Lepiota family and also from the deadly members of the Amanita family

It looks somewhat like the white commercial mushroom albeit more slender and with a longer stalk. It is distinguished by a smooth, white cap with a gently yellow center, a collar-like ring, white spores, and off-white gills in maturity. Immature specimens have pure white gills. (from wikipedia.com)

32) Ramaria

The genus Ramaria comprises approximately 200 species of coral fungi. Several, such as Ramaria flava, are edible and picked in Europe, though they are easily confused with several mildly poisonous species capable of causing nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea; these include R. formosa and R. pallida. (from Wikipedia.com)

33) Hydnum repandum

Commonly called: hedgehog mushroom
sweet tooth, or
wood hedgehog

However, this might instead be a Hydnum umbillcatum

34) Russula Brevipes

Russula Brevipes is edible but not choice.

This is one of the mushrooms that get infected by parasite and then become Lobster mushrooms.

Click Here to see some better pictures and a discussion of this mushroom

35) Laccaria Laccata

Also called: The deceiver, or waxy laccaria

Laccaria Laccata is said to be edible

It is a highly variable mushroom (hence the name “deceiver”). This mushroom can look quite washed out, colorless and drab, but when younger it often assumes red, pinkish brown, and orange tones. (from Wikipedia.com)

The gills are often thick and a little waxy, and are usually purple, pinkish, or flesh-colored. The cap colors range from whitish to, more commonly, orangish brown or reddish brown--while a few species are purple. Laccarias are never slimy, which helps in separating them from the waxy caps, and their gills are attached to the stem but do not run down it, helping distinguish them from clitocyboid mushrooms. You must have fresh, young specimens available in order to judge the color (whitish or lilac) of the basal mycelium (from Mushroomexpert.com)

36) Suillus granulatus

Suillus granulatus is said to be not choice

Suillus granulatus is similar to the related Suillus luteus, but can be distinguished by its ringless stalk.

37) Tapinella atrotomentosa

Also called: Paxillus atrotomentosus
and velvet roll-rim or velvet-footed pax

Tapinella atrotomentosa is said to be edible

Tapinella atrotomentosa can be recognized by its gills which run down the stem, and in particular its velvety, dark brown to black stem.

Click Here for better pictures and a description

38) Strobilurus

Strobilurus is a genus in the Physalacriaceae family. The genus contains 10 species

Click Here to see the ten Species

39) Russula Albonigra (probably)

It is similar in appearance to Russula brevipes. However, the flesh turns black when touched and in old age.

The gills are slightly decurrent, narrow, arc-shaped, somewhat closely spaced, interspersed with numerous shorter ones. They are whiteish to buff when young. All parts blacken on bruising or with age.

The spore print is white.

Edible, but somewhat bitter.

40) Hebeloma Sacchariolens

Click Here to see what the Key council has to say about Hebeloma

41) Conocybe apala

Also called: White Dunce Cap

Easily missable due to their very small size, Conocybe apala fruitbodies are otherwise quite easy to identify.

The cap has a pale cream to silvery-white colour and may sometimes have a darker yellow to brown coloration towards the central umbo.

Its trademark hood-shaped conical cap expands with age and may flatten out, the surface being marked by minute radiating ridges. The cap can be up to 3 cm in diameter.

The gills may be visible through the thin cap and these are colored rust or cinnamon brown and quite dense. They are adnexed or free and release brown to reddish-brown elliptical spores producing a spore print of the same colour. The stem is cap-colored, elongated, thin, hollow and more or less equal along its length with a height up to 11 cm and diameter 0.1 to 0.3 cm. It can bear minuscule striations or hairs. (from Wikipedia.com)